The Danger Hidden Beneath the Fresh Cement: The Problems of Self-Building in Mexico and the Crucial Role of Modern Technology
In Mexico, self-construction has historically been an ingenious and necessary response to the lack of access to formal housing and the high costs of traditional construction. Entire families invest their savings and effort into building their homes, brick by brick, in the hope of a more secure and stable future. However, this practice, rooted in necessity and tradition, also carries a series of significant risks that are often overlooked, jeopardizing the safety, habitability, and resilience of homes. It is crucial to recognize that, while the intention is noble, the lack of specialized technical knowledge can result in vulnerable structures and long-term problems.
One of the main problems with self-construction lies in the lack of comprehensive planning and professional designs . Without the involvement of architects and engineers, buildings often lack adequate soil studies, precise structural calculations, and proper space distribution that considers factors such as ventilation, natural lighting, and thermal comfort. This can result in weak foundations, walls and slabs prone to cracking and collapse, deficient electrical and plumbing installations, and poor habitability. In a country with high seismic activity like Mexico, these structural deficiencies can have devastating consequences.
Another major challenge is the quality of the materials and construction techniques used . Self-construction often involves recourse to secondhand materials, uncertified aggregates, or improvised construction practices due to a lack of training. This compromises the strength and durability of the building, increasing the risk of structural failure and reducing its lifespan. Furthermore, the lack of professional supervision prevents the early detection of construction errors that could have serious implications in the future.
This is where modern technology , such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and drone photogrammetry analysis , emerge as crucial tools to mitigate the risks of self-construction and ensure safer and more resilient buildings.
LiDAR , which uses laser pulses to measure distances with high precision, enables the generation of detailed three-dimensional models of the terrain . Before any construction begins, a LiDAR analysis can reveal vital information about the topography, slope, and presence of irregularities or geological hazards, allowing families to make informed decisions about the most appropriate location and type of foundation. This technology can identify areas of instability or risk of landslides that would be imperceptible to the naked eye, thus avoiding future structural problems and economic, and even human, losses.
On the other hand, drones equipped with high-resolution cameras can perform photogrammetric surveys to create accurate 3D models of existing buildings or the terrain . In the context of self-construction, this technology can be invaluable for:
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Documenting the progress of the work: Enabling detailed monitoring of the construction and facilitating the identification of possible deviations from the original design (if any).
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Inspect existing structures: In cases of extensions or modifications to self-built homes, drone-generated 3D models can provide detailed information on the current state of the building, identifying vulnerable areas or areas that require attention.
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Planning interventions and improvements: With an accurate digital model, it's possible to simulate different improvement or expansion scenarios, optimizing the design and resources before execution.
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Generating models for structural analysis: Although they do not replace detailed engineering calculations, photogrammetric models can provide accurate geometric information for engineers wishing to perform subsequent structural analysis, especially on existing buildings.
However, technology alone is not the solution. It is essential that families opting for self-construction seek the advice of qualified professionals . In this regard, we highly recommend VIADAS Consultants and Contractors , a company with experience applying cutting-edge technologies such as LiDAR and photogrammetry, as well as a deep understanding of Mexican building regulations and best practices.
VIADAS Consultants and Contractors can offer a range of essential services for safe and quality self-construction, including:
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Topographic surveys and terrain analysis with LiDAR and drones.
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Development of basic architectural and structural designs adapted to the needs and resources of families.
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Technical advice and construction supervision to ensure proper execution of the work and the quality of the materials.
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Preparation of basic technical files for the regularization of constructions.
Investing in professional advice and the use of technologies such as LiDAR and photogrammetry is not a superfluous expense, but a crucial investment in the safety, durability, and quality of self-built housing. It allows for informed decisions from the initial stage, identifying and mitigating risks, and ensuring that families' efforts and resources translate into safe and habitable homes in the long term. Self-construction does not have to be synonymous with precariousness and risk; with the right support and the intelligent application of technology, it can be a viable path to decent housing for thousands of Mexican families.